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→Gordon Pask - The Architectural Relevance of Cybernetics
But notice the trick the designer is controlling the construction of
control systems and consequently design is control ofcontrol, i.e. the designer docs much the same job as his system, but be operates lit a higher level in the organization::~! hierarchy.
== Usman Haque - The Architectural relevance of Gordon Pask ==
*if such an embodiment has underspecified goals, it enables us to collaborate and converge on shared goals. We are able to affect both the embodiment’s response and the way the response is computed.
*This is a completely different notion of interaction from that used in many of today’s so-called interactive systems, which are premised on unproductive and prespecified circular, deterministic reactions.
*Colloquy of Mobiles (1968) - sounds like emergent behavior
*A Paskian approach to architecture does not necessarily require complexity of interaction – it relies on the creativity of the person and the machine negotiating across an interface, technological or otherwise.” I am totally on board with this.
*It is about designing tools that people themselves may use to construct – in the widest sense of the word – their environments and as a result build their own sense of agency.
==Gorden Pask - Conversation Theory==
all from http://pangaro.com/pask-pdfs.html
*Conversation, Cognition, Learning. 1971. Pask.
*Conversation Theory, gordon pask.
*An approach to cybernetics. 1961. Pask.
*A theory of conversations and individuals (Exemplified by the Learning Process on CASTE)
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, Volume 5, Issue 4, October 1973, Pages 443–566
G. Pask, B.C.E. Scott, D. Kallikourdis
*A fresh look at cognition and the individual
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, Volume 4, Issue 3, July 1972, Pages 211–216
Gordon Pask
*Developments in Conversation TheorymPart 1
GORDON PASK
1980
*“A Comment, A Case History, and a Plan”, in Cybernetic Serendipity, J. Reichardt, (Ed.), Rapp. And Carroll, 1970. Reprinted in Cybernetics, Art and Ideas, Reichardt, J., (Ed.) Studio Vista, London, 1971, 76-99. (problem with prior PDF repaired on 30 December 2010)
*Learning strategies and individual competence Original Research Article
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, Volume 4, Issue 3, July 1972, Pages 217-253
G. Pask, B.C.E. Scott
*“Artificial Intelligence: A Preface and a Theory”, published as introduction to chapter entitled “Aspects of Machine Intelligence” in Soft Architecture Machines, edited by Nicholas Negroponte, MIT Press, 1976.
*“An Essay on the Kinetics of Language, Behavior and Thought”, Proceedings, Silver Anniversary International Meeting of Society for General Systems Research, London, August 1979, Washington: SGSR, 111-128.
*!!Conversation Theory in Two Sentences. http://pangaro.com/published/cyb-and-con.html
*“The Limits of Togetherness”, Proceedings, Invited Keynote address to IFIP, World Congress in Tokyo and Melbourne, Editor, S. Lavington. Amsterdam, New York, Oxford: North holland Pub. Co., 1980, 999-1012.
*“The meaning of cybernetics in the behavioural sciences”, reprinted in Progress of Cybernetics, edited by J. Rose, 1969.
==A comment, a case history and a plan 1968==
’Man is always aiming to achieve some goal and he is always looking for new goals.' (Pask)
'Control', in this symbolic domain, is broadly equivalent to 'problem solving' but it may also be read as 'coming to terms with' or 'explaining' or 'relating to an existing body of experience'.
“man enjoys perform-ing th!.!:;, jointly innovative and cohesive operations. To- gether, they represent an essentially human and an in- herently pleasurable mode of activity.”
like Piaget, “pleasure of being the cause.”
I take issue with his authoritative method. lists. bullet points. etc.
==The meaning of cybernetics in the behavioural sciences - 1969==
goal directed systems.
taciturn systems, language oriented systems
—“peculiarly important in connection with studies of i11an or attempts to control, teach, or otherwise influence human beings.”
Ashby - ‘the brain as a communication and controls ystem’ p 18.
Within the cybernetic framework, the constituents of organization, namely information and control, acquired a status just as respectable as that alre.ady accredited to "matter" ·or "energy".
Cartesian Dualism ... was replaced by a Systemic Monisim. p 19.
The crux of systemic monisim is contained in the assertion that any system is a goal directed system which can be analysed into or (in context) synthesised from a collection of goal directed Subsystems.p
TOTE systems (Test Operate Test Exit)
systematic monism: Holistic and Atomistic at the same time.
“Hence, the reductionist explanations of human behaviour and mentation th~t featur~ in a cybernetic discussion are quite distinct from those (to my mmdfa~la~lOus) mechanistic explanations in which man is reduced to a bag of aSSOCIatIOns and responses. To parody the position of naIve behaviourism, man is conceived as something that reacts to stimuli. In contrast, the cyber- netic theories of psychology envisage man as someone who interprets, intends, and anticipates.“
“A human being has the qualities ordinarily associated with mental activity; nevertheless, the human system is, in principle, reducible to elementary subsystems which have the same quality in a primitive form.”
In view ot: thIS work, there can be no serious doubt that human beings can be fruitfully represented as cybernetic systems. p 23.
black box. goal-directedness, necessary to interpret structural or organizational model for the system. p 24.
All the systems of human psychology are lan- guage oriented systems and all the models proper to human
psychology are language oriented models. p 29
language oriented systems - “mind systems”
taciturn systems - “body systems”
==bibs==
*The Cleaving of House and Home: A Lacanian Analysis of Architectural Aesthetics. Sarah E. Thorne, The University of Western Ontario http://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/1014/